Letters (continued)
Letter S, s
Like "s" in English "sir", "ss" in German "Wasser", "s" in Italian "sapere"
and French "semaine".
Examples: sar (head), sir (garlic), sim (wire), bas (enough),
musiqi (music), káse (bowl).
Letter T, t
Exactly like "t" in most of other Indo-European languages.
Letter U, u
Like "u" in English "flute", German "Leitung", and Italian "fumare",
and "ou" in French "pour".
Examples: u (he, she), kuce (alley, street), mu (hair), bu
(smell, odour, fragrance).
Examples for "mul um": Masüd, masüliat
(responsibility), marüb (terrified).
Examples for "um mul": mowzů (subject, topic; issue),
mamnů (forbidden), roků.
Letter V,
v
Like "v" in English "severe" and Italian "vino", and "w" in German "Wagen".
Examples: varzesc (sport), avval (first), mive (fruit).
NOTE: When "av" comes in the end of a word, we pronounce it like "ow"
[like in English "blow"]. An example of this is the present stem of some
Persian infinitives such as "raftan" which is "rav-". This stem is
pronounced "row" [see letter W, w] like in peyrav (pronounced like "peyrow").
However, as soon as a vowel (except "em vande" and "om vande" and "im
ye"; see "Some Rules and Items" section) is added to the end, it is
pronounced exactly as it is written (example: "peyrav + i-> peyravi",
pronounced like "peyravi", not "peyrowi").
Letter W,
w
Like "w" in English "bow", "row", "blow".
Examples: now (new), lowzi (lozenge), mowz (banana), dowre
(period), dowlat (state).
NOTE: As soon as a vowel is added after this sound, the pronunciation
changes to "v".
Examples: now + in -> nowin (pronounced like "novin")
Letter X, x
Like "ch" in English (Scottish) "loch" and German "Buch" and "kh" in
Hebrew "makhon" (place) and "x" in Russian alphabet.
Examples: xabar (news), mix (nail), náxon (nail [of fingers]),
xod (self), xamir (paste).
Letter Y, y
Like "y" in English "year" and Hebrew "yad" (hand).
Examples: yád (memory), yek (one), yásamin (jasmine), peyrav
(follower), beyn (between).
Letter Z, z
Like "z" in English "zero", "s" in German "sauber" and Italian
"casa".
Examples: zan (woman), ziba (beautiful), báz (open; again), aziz
(dear).
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